India-France relation

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India-France relations are built on a solid strategic partnership in multiple domains:

 

Defence & Security:

Rafale fighter jet deal worth €7.8 billion

Conducting joint military exercises

Maritime security cooperation in the Indian Ocean defenve technology transfer.

 

Economic Ties:

 

Bilateral trade: around €12.5 billion (2022)

-Key French investments in India's smart cities, renewable energy

-Nuclear energy cooperation

-Increasingly strong partnerships in the technology sector

 

Strategic Alignment:

-Common vision for stability in the -Indo-Pacific multilateralism

- Climate change cooperation

- Space technology cooperation through ISRO-CNES collaboration

 

Cultural Exchange:

- Educational collaborations

- Cross-cultural activities

- Increasing Indian diaspora in France

- Collaborative efforts in heritage preservation

 

The bilateral relationship has significantly improved since the 2000s, as both countries consider each other to be vital partners in their regional policies.

 

Healthcare in India

 

Healthcare in India is a combination of public and private sectors:

 

Public Healthcare:

- Three-tier system: Primary (PHCs), Secondary (District), and Tertiary (Medical Colleges) care

-In Govt. schemes- Ayushman Bharat insurance scheme

- Emphasis on Preventive care with vaccination programs.

 

Private Healthcare:

-The private sector manages ~70 percent of the services

-World class hospitals in each city

-Med tourism destination is also the major city

Hurdles/Challenges.

-Rural vs. Urban Care

-High outpatient expenditure accounts to ~60%

-Shortage of doctors; ~1:1456 doctorpatient ratio

-The population that comes under insurance; ~50%.

-Infrastructure deficit for rural areas

 

Recent Trends-

-Digital health by National Digital Health Mission

-Increased emphasis on telemedicine

-Rise in health-tech start-ups

-Push for universal health coverage

 

The sector is growing at a rapid pace but has immense challenges in terms of accessibility, affordability, and quality standardization.

 

Preventive detention

The preventive content of detention is without a test, and the authorities maintain the potential threats from the order of state or national security.

 

Important aspect:

-Official accusations or trials are required

-Limited constitutional guarantee according to Article 22

-Depends on law /state about the maximum period to detain

-To be considering in the period for

 

Advisory Committee

-Basic law allowing the preventive content of detention

-National Security Law (ANB)

-Act on prevention of illegal movement in drugs

 

The courts can maintain maintenance orders for the procedural compliance but cannot study the subjective satisfaction of ownership of power.

 

India-China dams project

China's upstream rivers flowing to India have created many issues and are as follows:

 

Brahmaputra River:

-Dams including Zangmu Dam

-Plans for world's largest hydroelectric project

-Possible impact on water flow in Northeast India

-Possible flooding and water scarcity in Northeast India

 

Sutlej and Other Rivers:

-Dams on Sutlej affecting Himachal Pradesh

- Limited data sharing on water levels

- Risk of artificial floods

- Impact on agriculture downstream

 

Strategic Issues:

- Water as potential strategic leverage

- No comprehensive water-sharing treaty

- Limited transparency about projects

- Environmental impact on Himalayan ecosystem

 

India's Response:

- Building storage reservoirs

- Monitoring through satellites

- Raising concerns in bilateral talks

- Developing alternative water management Plans