Bhopal gas tragedy

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Bhopal gas tragedy occurred on December 2-3, 1984, leaking methyl isocyanate from a union car vide's pesticide plant in Bopal, Madiya Pradesh.

 

Key Facts:

-Over 3,700 immediate deaths

-500,000+ people exposed

-Ongoing health effects across generations

-Considered world's worst industrial disaster

 

Causes:

-Poor maintenance

-Cost-cutting measures

-Inadequate safety systems

-Stored dangerous chemicals in large quantities

- Delayed emergency response

 

Effect:

- Respiratory ailments

- Birth abnormalities

- Contamination of ground water

- Soil contamination

- Health effects in the long run

 

Legal Consequences:

- Union Carbide paid an amount of $470 million in 1989

- Warren Anderson, CEO was never brought to trial

- Victims yet to get appropriate compensation

- Contaminated site is not fully treated yet

 

Lessons Learnt

- Industrial safety standards need to be very stringent

- Importance of emergency response system

- Accountability of companies

- Laws to protect environment

- Standards of worker safety

- Pollution from industrial/agricultural contamination

- Decreasing water tables

- Saltwater intrusion in coastal areas

 

Water conservation remedies

Remedies:

 

1. Water Conservation:

- Implementated rains water harvesting

- Recharge aquifer systems

- Efficient irrigation practices

- Implement water meters

- Crop diversification

 

2. Legislation

- Regulation of groundwater

- Use restrictions

- Price reforms

- Issuing of license

- Monitoring systems

 

3. Technological innovations:

- Smart meters

- Drip irrigation

- Water quality monitoring

- GIS mapping

- Real-time data analytics

 

4. Social involvement

-Water consciousness awareness

-Participation management

-The traditional renewal of water harvest

-Farm education

-The local water committee

 

 

Simlipal Tiger Reserve

Simlipal Tiger Reserve one of the oldest India prepared funds created in 1973.

 

Main feature:

-Melect 2750 square meter

-located in Odisha, Meibarni district

-Birthical diversity hot holding with tropical forest ecosystem

-Som portion of the world network of UNESCO's biological area protection area

 

Wildlife:

-Tigers (Present estimation-40)

-Asian elephant

-Gaul

-304 Bird species

-Enicated melanist tigers (black tigers)

 

Environmental importance:

-River system basin

-1076 vegetable species

-She protect the end extinction Species species

-Local climate stability

-Sot the tribal community

 

Conservation problem:

-Pokism

-Something with a man of a man

-Forest fire

-The pressure of mineral extraction

-Set fragmentation of the environment

 

This reserve is crucial for the conservation of tigers in eastern India and maintains environmental connections with adjacent protected areas.